Patio Base Calculator
Solid foundations start here. Calculate base material for pavers and concrete.
Pro Fill Dirt Calculator
Accurate estimates for Yards, Tons, & Compaction
Results
How to Calculate Patio Base
The Formula
Calculate the 4-6 inch gravel base and 1-inch sand bed separately. Multiply Area x Depth / 27 to get Yards.
Measure Accurately
Measure in feet. For depth, measure in inches and our tool handles the conversion (divide by 12).
Check Your Shape
Most patio base projects are rectangles. If irregular, break it into smaller shapes.
Add Compaction
A patio is only as good as its base. If you skimp on the 6-inch gravel foundation, your expensive pavers will sink and become uneven within 12 months.
The Anatomy of a Perfect Patio
The pavers you see are just the "icing on the cake." The real structural integrity of a patio comes from the 6-9 inches of material underground. Calculating these layers separately is critical for ordering materials.
Patio Cross-Section
Do not skip the fabric layer! It prevents your gravel from disappearing into the mud over time.
Frequently Asked Questions
How deep for patio base?
For a pedestrian patio, you need 4 inches of compacted gravel base. For a driveway, you need 6-8 inches.
What is 'paver base'?
It is a mix of crushed stone and stone dust (often called Crusher Run or QP) that packs very hard, almost like concrete.
Do I need sand?
Yes, exactly 1 inch of concrete sand (sharp sand) on top of the gravel is needed to level the pavers. Do not use Mason sand (too fine).
How much compaction for patio base?
You must compact the gravel base until it has no give. Using a plate compactor is highly recommended for any patio larger than 10x10.
Can I put pavers on dirt?
No. The ground freezes and thaws, causing pavers to heave. You must have a drainage layer of gravel.
How many yards of gravel for a 20x20 patio?
Area = 400 sq ft. Depth = 4 inches (0.33 ft). Volume = 400 * 0.33 = 132 cubic feet. Divide by 27 = 4.9 Yards. Add 20% for compaction = Order 6 Yards.
What is the difference between sand and stone dust?
Stone dust compacts too hard and traps water, which is bad for the bedding layer (pavers can't settle). Use sand for the final 1-inch layer.
Can I use 'fill dirt' for patio base?
Absolutely not. Fill dirt settles unpredictably. You must use 'processed gravel' or 'road base' that locks together.
